Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic forms of pancreatitis, and each type has its own characteristics and treatments.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic forms of pancreatitis, and each type has its own characteristics and treatments.
But when it comes to pancreatitis, one thing has not changed: the old lifestyle and diet will become a thing of the past, because the basis of treating pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet.The pancreas does not forgive nutritional errors and reacts immediately with pain and digestive disturbances.
Basic knowledge about pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease; it results from trauma to the abdomen, viral damage to the pancreas, damage to the liver and gall bladder, following intoxication with alcohol and other toxic substances, frequent and severe nutritional disorders (prolonged fasting, dieting for weight loss).
The main symptoms of pancreatitis are:
- Abdominal pain - sharp, dagger-like, almost to the point of unconsciousness in acute pancreatitis, dull or painful in chronic pancreatitis;
- nausea and vomiting;
- Intestinal irregularities, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- Sudden weight loss.
With acute pancreatitis, you will usually be taken to the hospital.Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under a doctor's supervision.Self-medication when you have pancreatitis is dangerous because of complications including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic breakdown of glandular tissue, autodigestion of the glands) and fatal peritonitis.
Therapeutic Nutrition for Pancreatitis
Drug, enzyme, and dietary treatments for pancreatitis are chosen by doctors based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain more or less the same.They give the digestion and pancreas a rest, which means they can relieve pain and return health to normal.
Nutrients for treating pancreatitis are very limited - most everyday foods must be forgotten.You need to eat frequently, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with 8 hours of sleep in between.But the portion size should be small - about 200-250 grams, especially for the first time after the disease worsens.
All dishes are mechanically processed – almost all are served pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles will appear in the food, but you will need to chew the food thoroughly.
Due to insufficient systemic nutritional supply during pancreatitis,It is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average up to 140-150 grams of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates put a lot of stress on the pancreas, so they should be limited to the lowest possible levels.The daily intake of carbohydrates is about 300 g, fat - no more than 70-80 g.
Eliminate from the diet products with juice properties - broths and fish soups, cabbage juices and decoctions; during episodes of severe pain, it is recommended to perform a therapeutic fasting of 1-2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day and 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour throughout the day.
Of course, you must completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol if you have pancreatitis.They are the most powerful instigators of epileptic seizures.
What should be excluded?
The list of banned products will become quite impressive and can be frustrating at first.However, if these restrictions are not followed, relief may take a long time.Gradually, you can carefully expand your diet, following the general principles of proper nutrition.
Therefore, for the entire acute phase or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, you need to exclude:
- Beetroot soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, broth, mushroom and fish soup, the soup itself;
- Fatty meats – pork, mutton, goose and duck;
- Internal organs—kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- Fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned food;
- sausage;
- Fatty fish (catfish, sturgeon, sturgeon, carp); caviar;
- Lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- Fatty dairy dishes - cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- Egg yolk, boiled egg;
- millet, corn, barley, legume side dishes;
- Cabbage, turnips, turnips, rutabagas, eggplants, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and green peppers;
- Citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- Hot chips, sauce, marinade, vinegar, ketchup;
- All carbonated drinks, even mineral water (still only);
- Strong tea and coffee, juice, cocoa;
- All fresh breads and pastries, pancakes, pies, shortbread.
As you can see, the list of limitations is quite long, but this only applies to the duration of the acute process.Then you can gradually expand your diet, but you will have to forget about annoying "heavy" dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that comes up after reading the list of bans.Of course, the diet is not very varied, but the goal is to keep the pancreas rested and reduce inflammation.
allow:
- Drying yesterday’s bread and biscuits;
- vegetables, noodle soup;
- Steamed meat dishes and poultry - steaks, meatballs, meat rolls, pâtés, purees;
- Boiled fish fillets (low-fat), grilled fish, fried eggs;
- Milk, cottage cheese, low-fat mild cheese, kefir;
- vegetable oil and butter (in porridge);
- Vegetable purees and stews, boiled vegetables;
- Pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- Unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- preserves, jelly, jelly;
- Rosehip decoction, herbal tea, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but after agreeing with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Menu example
It is worth remembering that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation subsides; in the acute phase of pancreatitis, fasting is prescribed and food is gradually introduced.When planning your meals, remember: There should be at least five meals with roughly equal caloric content and digestive load.
Pancreatitis 5-day menu
first day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread biscuits, 200 ml of mineral water (again!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlets - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rosehip soup - 200 ml, one third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: 200 grams of oatmeal, 100 grams of pumpkin puree, 2 couscous balls, light milk tea, and a piece of brown bread.
the next day
- Breakfast: Buckwheat porridge - 200g, 2 pieces of white bread, 200ml milk tea.
- The second breakfast: steamed steak - 100g, carrot soufflé - 200g, dry white bread - 1 slice, dried fruit preserves 200ml.
- Lunch: 200 ml of noodle soup, 100 g of boiled chicken, 100 g of vegetable puree, 1 piece of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water, half a roasted pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cheese - 100 g, cheese sandwich (30 g of cheese, a piece of toast), light milk tea, a piece of brown bread.
The third day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 pieces of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (mineral water again!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a roasted pear, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of candied fruit.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled and pureed meat - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
The fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread biscuits, 200 ml of mineral water (again!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip soup - 200 ml, one third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelette - 100 g, baked sweet apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: 200 grams of oatmeal, 100 grams of pumpkin puree, 2 couscous balls, light milk tea, and a piece of brown bread.
fifth day
- Breakfast: 200 grams of oatmeal, 100 grams of pumpkin puree, 2 couscous balls, light milk tea, and a piece of brown bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlets - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish fillet - 100 g, carrot and pumpkin puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rosehip soup - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 2 pieces.
- Afternoon snack: grilled fruit - 100 g, low-fat cheese - 100 g, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread biscuits, 200 ml of mineral water (again!).
If you follow your doctor's advice, follow a strict diet, and follow all instructions, you can get relief quickly.But a fairly strict diet that limits "heavy" foods will last 3 to 6 months.Then, you will constantly need to limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices, and canned foods.